Excavator bucket teeth are the main vulnerable parts of excavators, which are similar to human teeth. They are composed of a tooth base and a tooth tip, which are connected by a pin shaft. As the bucket teeth wear and fail, the tooth tip can be replaced.
Structure and function of bucket teeth
According to the bucket tooth seat. Generally, the bucket teeth of excavators have two structural forms, namely, direct mounting type and horizontal mounting type. Straight mounting means that the pin shaft is vertically installed with the front of the digging bucket teeth; Horizontal mounting means that the pin shaft is installed parallel to the front of the digging bucket teeth.
Straight-mounted type: it is convenient to disassemble, and it can be directly smashed from above, which has a large operating space. During excavation, the straight-mounted tooth pin will face the extrusion force of excavated materials. If the excavation force is large, the clamping force of the tension spring will not meet the requirements, which will easily lead to the tooth pin falling off.
Therefore, the direct loading type is generally used on excavators with smaller excavators and lower tonnage.
Horizontal mounting: It’s inconvenient to disassemble, the side operation space is small, and it’s difficult to force. When disassembling a single bucket tooth, special long rod tools must be used for disassembly and assembly in sequence. During excavation, the front face of the horizontally mounted tooth pin will not be squeezed by the excavated materials, so it can bear a larger excavation force. However, when the tension spring is subjected to the reciprocating lateral force in use, it is easy to wear and fail, resulting in the tooth pin falling off.
Therefore, the horizontal loading type is generally used on excavators with an excavation force of more than 20 tons.
According to the environment of excavator bucket teeth. Excavator bucket teeth can be divided into rock teeth (for iron ore, stone ore, etc.), earth teeth (for digging dirt, sand, etc.) and cone teeth (for coal mine). However, the tooth shapes of different brands of excavators also have their own characteristics.
Why should the excavator be equipped with bucket teeth? From so many teeth, we can also see that:
1. Protect the bucket as a whole. Bucket teeth are wear parts, which protect the bucket to a certain extent because of the greater wear of the bucket during operation and the bucket teeth.
2. Make the operation more refined. For the operation that needs fine operation, it can’t be realized without tooth fighting.
3. Easy to dig and shovel. The bucket teeth are tapered, and there is a gap between the bucket teeth, so that the force and acting surface of the whole bucket are small, the pressure will become larger, and the work will be smoother.
4. After digging something hard, it can play a buffering role for the whole machine.
Selection of bucket teeth
Generally, there are differences between cast and forged bucket teeth. Generally, forged bucket teeth are more wear-resistant and harder, their service life is about twice that of cast bucket teeth, and their price is about 1.5 times that of cast bucket teeth.
Casting bucket teeth: The method of casting liquid metal into a casting cavity that is suitable for the shape of the part, and after it is cooled and solidified, the part or blank can be obtained by casting. Casting is easy to produce blowholes and trachoma, and its mechanical properties, wear resistance and service life are lower than those of forging.
Forging bucket teeth: special metal blanks are pressed by forging machinery, and extruded at high temperature to refine the crystal materials in forgings, so that they are plastically deformed to obtain certain mechanical properties. After forging, the metal can improve its organizational structure, which can ensure that forged bucket teeth have good mechanical properties, better wear resistance and longer service life.
Of course, when choosing a bucket tooth, we have to look at the working environment in which the excavator is used and eat, so as to determine what kind of bucket tooth model.
Generally, flat teeth should be used for digging, scattering sand, etc.
Secondly, RC bucket teeth are used to dig massive hard rocks, and TL bucket teeth are generally used to dig massive coal seams.
In addition, in the actual operation process, most people like general RC bucket teeth. Xiaobian suggests that in general, RC bucket teeth should not be used. It is better to use flat bucket teeth, because the front face of RC bucket teeth is worn after a period of time, which increases the digging resistance and wastes power. However, flat bucket teeth always keep a sharp surface during the wear process, reducing the digging resistance and saving fuel.
Suggestions on maintenance and prolonging service life of bucket teeth
When the bucket teeth of the excavator are in use, the outermost bucket teeth of the excavator bucket are 30% faster than the innermost worn parts. After a period of use, the bucket teeth can be changed inside and outside.
When operating, the driver of the excavator should try to be perpendicular to the working face when digging under the bucket teeth, so as to avoid breaking the bucket teeth due to excessive inclination.
Don’t swing the digging arm left and right under the condition of great resistance, which will easily cause the bucket teeth and the tooth seat to break due to excessive left and right forces, without considering the design of left and right forces.
4.It is suggested to replace the tooth seat after the tooth seat is worn out by 10%. There is a big gap between the tooth seat that is worn out too much and the bucket tooth, which makes the matching and stress point of the bucket tooth and the tooth seat change, and the bucket tooth breaks due to the change of stress point.